M'mbiri yopanga mawotchi, kubwera kwa mawotchi owoneka bwino kumawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu. Kuyambira pa zida zonyezimira zoyamba kupita kuzinthu zamakono zokomera zachilengedwe, mawotchi owoneka bwino sanangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso asanduka kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pazambiri zamatsenga. Kukula kwawo kumavumbulutsa mbiri yodzaza ndi zatsopano komanso kusintha.

Mawotchi oyambilira ankagwiritsa ntchito zida zotulutsa ma radio, zomwe zimapatsa kuwala kosatha komanso kudzutsa nkhawa zachitetezo. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, mitundu yamakono tsopano imagwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda ma radiation za fulorosenti, kuwonetsetsa kuti chitetezo ndi chilengedwe. Mawotchi owoneka bwino, okondedwa ndi akatswiri a horologists ndi akatswiri omwe, amawunikira mphindi iliyonse-kuyambira pakufufuza panyanja yakuya ndi zochitika zausiku mpaka kuvala kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apadera komanso kukongola.

Chiyambi ndi Mbiri Yakale ya Mawotchi Owala

1. Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) - 18th mpaka 19th Century

Mawotchi owoneka bwino adachokera m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi 1900. Zida zowala zoyambilira monga Zinc Sulfide zidadalira magwero akunja owunikira kuti ziwunikire, zopanda luminescence yamkati. Komabe, chifukwa cha zolephera zakuthupi ndi zaukadaulo, ufawu ukhoza kutulutsa kuwala kwakanthawi kochepa. Panthawi imeneyi, mawotchi owala ankakhala ngati mawotchi am'thumba.

2. Radium - Kumayambiriro kwa 20th Century

Kupezeka kwa radioactive element Radium koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20 kunabweretsa kusintha kwa mawotchi owala. Radium imatulutsa kuwala kwa alpha ndi gamma, kupangitsa kudziwonetsera nokha pambuyo pakupanga. Poyamba ankagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zida zankhondo pofuna kuwonekera mobisa, mndandanda wa Radiomir wa Panerai unali m'gulu la ulonda woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito Radium. Komabe, chifukwa cha zoopsa za thanzi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi radioactivity, Radium inachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono.

3. Mawotchi Owala a Tube Yamagesi - 1990s

Magetsi ang'onoang'ono odziyendetsa okha (3H) ndi gwero losinthika lopangidwa ku Switzerland pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa laser. Amapereka kuwala kowala kwambiri, mpaka kuwirikiza nthawi 100 kuposa mawotchi ogwiritsira ntchito zokutira za fulorosenti, okhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 25. BALL Watch kutengera machubu a gasi a 3H kumathetsa kufunikira kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuyitanitsa batire, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala ndi mbiri ya "mfumu yamawotchi owala." Komabe, kuwala kwa machubu a gasi a 3H kumachepa pakapita nthawi ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

4. LumiBrite - 1990s

Seiko adapanga LumiBrite ngati zida zake zowala, m'malo mwa Tritium yachikhalidwe ndi Super-LumiNova ndi zosankha zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

5. Tritium - 1930s

Chifukwa cha nkhawa za Radium's radioactivity komanso kuchepa kwaukadaulo wanthawiyo, Tritium idatuluka ngati njira yotetezeka m'ma 1930s. Tritium imatulutsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta beta kuti tisangalatse zida za fulorosenti, zodziwika mu mndandanda wa Panerai's Luminor chifukwa cha kuwala kwake kosatha komanso kofunikira.

6. LumiNova - 1993

LumiNova, yopangidwa ndi Nemoto & Co. Ltd. ku Japan, inayambitsa njira ina yopanda ma radiation pogwiritsa ntchito Strontium Aluminate (SrAl2O4) ndi Europium. Katundu wake wopanda poizoni komanso wopanda ma radio adapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pamsika wake mu 1993.

7. Super-LumiNova - Pafupifupi 1998

Kubwereza kwa Switzerland kwa LumiNova, Super-LumiNova yolembedwa ndi LumiNova AG Switzerland (mgwirizano wa RC Tritec AG ndi Nemoto & Co. Inakhala chisankho chokondedwa chamtundu ngati Rolex, Omega, ndi Longines.

8. Chromalight - 2008

Rolex adapanga Chromalight, chinthu chowunikira chomwe chimatulutsa kuwala kwa buluu, makamaka mawotchi ake osambira aukadaulo a Deepsea. Chromalight imaposa Super-LumiNova mu nthawi yowala komanso mwamphamvu, kusunga bata pakudumpha kwa nthawi yayitali kwa maola opitilira 8.

Mitundu Yowunikira Mawotchi Owala ndi Njira Zowonjezerera Kuwala

Mawotchi owoneka bwino amagawika m'magulu atatu akuluakulu kutengera mfundo zawo za luminescence:photoluminescent, electroluminescent, ndi radioluminescent.

1. Photoluminescent

--Mfundo: Imatenga kuwala kwakunja (mwachitsanzo, kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena kuwala kochita kupanga) ndikukutulutsanso mumdima. Kutalika kwa nthawi yowala kumadalira kuyamwa kwa kuwala ndi mawonekedwe azinthu.

--Zida Zoyimira:Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), LumiNova, Super-LumiNova, Chromalight.

--Kuwonjezera Kuwala:Kuwonetsetsa kuti kuli kokwanira pakuyatsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba monga Super-LumiNova.

2. Electroluminescent

--Mfundo:Imatulutsa kuwala ikakokedwa ndi magetsi. Kuwongolera kowala kumaphatikizapo kukulitsa mawonekedwe apano kapena kukhathamiritsa madera, zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa batri.

--Zida Zoyimira:Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powonetsera ma electroluminescent ndi zinc sulfide (ZnS) yopangidwa ndi mkuwa wotulutsa wobiriwira, manganese wotulutsa wofiyira lalanje, kapena siliva wotulutsa buluu.

--Kuwonjezera Kuwala:Kuchulukitsa magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kukhathamiritsa zinthu za phosphor kumatha kukulitsa kuwala. Komabe, izi zimakhudzanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi ndipo zingafunike njira yoyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

3. Radioluminescent

--Mfundo:Imatulutsa kuwala kudzera pakuwola kwa radioactive. Kuwala kumayenderana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zomwe zimawola, zomwe zimafunika kuti zisinthidwe nthawi ndi nthawi kuti ziwala bwino.

--Zida Zoyimira:Mpweya wa Tritium wophatikizidwa ndi zinthu za phosphor monga zinc sulfide (ZnS) kapena phosphors ngati zosakaniza za phosphor zochokera ku zinc sulfide.

--Kuwonjezera Kuwala:Kuwala kwa zida za radioluminescent kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuwonongeka kwa radioactive. Kuonetsetsa kuwala kokhazikika, kusinthidwa kwa radioactive m'malo mwa nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kumachepa pakapita nthawi.

Pomaliza, mawotchi owoneka bwino amaima ngati osamalira nthawi, kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito apadera ndi mapangidwe okongola. Kaya ali pansi pa nyanja kapena pansi pa thambo lowala ndi nyenyezi, amatsogolera njirayo modalirika. Ndi zofuna zosiyanasiyana za ogula pazokonda zanu komanso zogwira ntchito, msika wamawotchi owoneka bwino ukupitilirabe kusiyanasiyana. Mitundu yokhazikitsidwa imapanga zatsopano mosalekeza, pomwe omwe akutuluka amafunafuna zopambana muukadaulo wowala. Ogula amaika patsogolo kuphatikizika kwa mapangidwe aesthetics ndi mphamvu zowala komanso zothandiza m'malo enaake.

NAVIFORCE imapereka mawotchi apamwamba kwambiri amasewera, akunja, ndi mafashoni okhala ndi ufa wonyezimira wachilengedwe womwe umakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yaku Europe. Onani zomwe tasonkhanitsa ndikuloleni tikuunikireni paulendo wanu. Muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna thandizo?Gulu lathu ndilokonzeka kukuthandizaniwerengerani nthawi yanu.