Ngexesha lembali yokwenza iiwotshi, ukufika kweewotshi ezikhanyayo kuphawula inguqulelo enkulu. Ukusuka kwizixhobo ezikhanyayo ezilula ukuya kwiikhompawundi zale mihla eco-friendly, iiwotshi ezikhanyayo azikhulisanga nje ukusebenza kodwa ziye zaba yinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kwihorology. Uphuhliso lwabo lutyhila imbali etyebileyo kwizinto ezintsha kunye nenguqu.

Iiwotshi ezikhanyayo zakwangoko zasebenzisa imathiriyeli ye-radioactive, enika ukukhanya okungapheliyo kodwa iphakamisa iinkxalabo zokhuseleko. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, iinguqulelo zanamhlanje ngoku zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-fluorescent ezingenayo i-radioactive, ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Iiwotshi ezikhanyayo, ezixabiswa zii-horologists kunye neengcali ngokufanayo, zikhanyisa umzuzu ngamnye-ukususela ekuhlolisisweni kolwandle olunzulu kunye nokusebenza kwasebusuku ukuya ekunxibeni kwansuku zonke, ukunika umsebenzi okhethekileyo kunye nomtsalane.

Imvelaphi kunye noPhuhliso lweMbali yeewotshi ezikhanyayo

1. I-Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) - i-18 ukuya kwi-19th Century

Imvelaphi yeewotshi ezikhanyayo inokulandwa emva kwenkulungwane ye-18 neye-19. Izinto zokuqala ezikhanyayo ezifana neZinc Sulfide zazixhomekeke kwimithombo yokukhanya yangaphandle ukuze zikhanyise, zingenayo intrinsic luminescence. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yonyino lwemathiriyeli kunye nobuchwepheshe, ezi powders zinokukhupha ukukhanya kuphela ixesha elifutshane. Ngeli xesha, iiwotshi ezikhanyayo zazisebenza njengewotshi epokothweni.

2. Radium - Early 20th Century

Ukufunyanwa kwento eqhuma ngeradioactive Radium ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 kwazisa utshintsho oluguqukileyo kwiiwotshi ezikhanyayo. I-Radium ikhuphe imitha ye-alpha kunye ne-gamma, eyenza i-self-luminescence emva kwenkqubo yokwenziwa. Ekuqaleni yayisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zomkhosi ukuze ibonakale ngokufihlakeleyo, uthotho lweRadiomir lukaPanerai lwaluphakathi kweewotshi zokuqala ukusebenzisa iRadium. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeengozi zempilo ezinxulumene ne-radioactivity, i-Radium yapheliswa ngokuthe ngcembe.

3. Iiwotshi ezikhanyayo zeThubhu yegesi - ngo-1990

Izibane zegesi ezincinci ezizilawulayo (3H) zingumthombo wokukhanya oguqukayo owenziwe eSwitzerland kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe belaser obutsha. Banikezela nge-luminescence eqaqambe kakhulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 lamaxesha aqaqambe ngakumbi kunewotshi ezisebenzisa iingubo ze-fluorescent, ezinobomi obufikelela kwiminyaka engama-25. Ukwamkelwa kwe-BALL Watch yeetyhubhu zegesi ze-3H kuphelisa isidingo sokukhanya kwelanga okanye ukutshaja ibhetri, kubenza bafumane i-moniker "yenkosi yeewotshi ezikhanyayo." Nangona kunjalo, ukuqaqamba kweetyhubhu zegesi ze-3H ngokuqinisekileyo kuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngokusetyenziswa.

4. LumiBrite - 1990s

USeiko uphuhlise iLumiBrite njengesixhobo sayo esikhanyayo, ithatha indawo yeTritium yesintu kunye neSuper-LumiNova ngeendlela ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo.

5. I-Tritium - 1930s

Ngenxa yeenkxalabo malunga ne-radioactivity ye-Radium kunye nokunciphisa iteknoloji yelo xesha, i-Tritium yavela njengenye indlela ekhuselekileyo kwi-1930s. I-Tritium ikhupha amasuntswana e-beta ane-energy ephantsi ukuze ivuyise imathiriyeli ye-fluorescent, ephawuleka kuthotho lwe-Panerai's Luminor ngokukhanya okuhlala kuhleli kunye okubalulekileyo.

6. LumiNova - 1993

I-LumiNova, ephuhliswe nguNemoto & Co. Ltd. eJapan, yazisa enye indlela engeyiyo i-radioactive esebenzisa i-Strontium Aluminate (SrAl2O4) kunye ne-Europium. Iipropathi zayo ezingenayo ityhefu kunye ne-non-radioactive zenze ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwintshayelelo yayo yentengiso ngo-1993.

7. Super-LumiNova - Malunga no-1998

Intetho yaseSwitzerland yeLumiNova, iSuper-LumiNova nguLumiNova AG Switzerland (intsebenziswano yeRC Tritec AG kunye neNemoto & Co. Yaba lukhetho olukhethwayo kwiimpawu ezifana neRolex, Omega, kunye neLongines.

8. Chromalight - 2008

U-Rolex uphuhlise iChromalight, imathiriyeli ekhanyayo ekhupha ukukhanya okuluhlaza, ngokukodwa iiwotshi zayo zokuntywila ezichwepheshile ze-Deepsea. I-Chromalight igqwesa iSuper-LumiNova ngexesha elikhanyayo kunye nokuqina, igcina uzinzo kulo lonke ixesha lokuntywila ixesha elide ngaphezulu kweeyure ze-8.

Iindidi zokuKhanya kwewotshi eLuminous kunye neendlela zokuphucula ukuqaqamba

Umgubo wokubukela okhanyayo uhlelwe ngokweendidi ezintathu eziphambili ngokusekwe kwimigaqo yazo yokukhanya:I-photoluminescent, i-electroluminescent, kunye ne-radioluminescent.

1. Photoluminescent

--Umgaqo: Ifunxa ukukhanya kwangaphandle (umzekelo, ukukhanya kwelanga okanye ukukhanya okungeyonyani) ize iphinde ikukhuphe ebumnyameni. Ubude bokukhanya buxhomekeke ekufunxeni ukukhanya kunye neempawu zezinto eziphathekayo.

--Izixhobo ezimele:Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), LumiNova, Super-LumiNova, Chromalight.

--Ukwandiswa kokuKhanya:Ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja okwaneleyo ngexesha lokuvezwa kukukhanya kunye nokusebenzisa izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu njengeSuper-LumiNova.

2. Electroluminescent

--Umgaqo:Ikhupha ukukhanya xa ivuselelwe ngumbane. Ukuphucula ukuqaqamba kubandakanya ukonyuka kwangoku okanye ukwenziwa ngcono koyilo lwesekethe, okuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri.

--Izixhobo ezimele:Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwimiboniso ye-electroluminescent yi-zinc sulfide (ZnS) edityaniswe ngekopha ukuze kukhutshwe izinto eziluhlaza, imanganese yokukhupha orenji-bomvu, okanye isilivere yokukhutshwa kweblue.

--Ukwandiswa kokuKhanya:Ukonyusa i-voltage esetyenzisiweyo okanye ukwenza ngcono imathiriyeli yephosphor kunokonyusa ukukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye kunokufuna indlela elungeleleneyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

3. I-Radioluminescent

--Umgaqo:Ikhupha ukukhanya ngokubola kweradioactive. Ukukhanya ngokwemvelo kubotshelelwe kwisantya sokubola kwe-radioactive substance, ifuna ukutshintshwa ngamaxesha athile ukwenzela ukuqaqamba okuzinzileyo.

--Izixhobo ezimele:Igesi ye-Tritium edibeneyo kunye nezixhobo ze-phosphor ezifana ne-zinc sulfide (ZnS) okanye i-phosphors njengemixube ye-phosphor esekelwe kwi-zinc sulfide.

--Ukwandiswa kokuKhanya:Ukukhanya kwezinto ze-radioluminescent kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nesantya sokubola kwe-radioactive. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqaqamba okuzingileyo, ukutshintshwa kwamaxesha ngamaxesha kwento eqhuma ngemitha yerediyo iyimfuneko njengoko izinga lokubola kwayo liyancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuqukumbela, iiwotshi ezikhanyayo zime njengabagcini bexesha, ukudibanisa ukusebenza okukhethekileyo kunye noyilo lobuhle. Enoba zisenzulwini yolwandle okanye ngaphantsi kwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo, zikhokela ngendlela ethembekileyo. Ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi kwiimveliso ezenzelwe umntu kunye nezisebenzayo, intengiso yeewotshi ezikhanyayo iyaqhubeka nokwahluka. Iibrendi ezisekiweyo zivelisa izinto ezintsha ngokuqhubekayo, ngelixa abasakhasayo befuna impumelelo kwitekhnoloji ekhanyayo. Abathengi babeka phambili ukuhlanganiswa koyilo lwe-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza okukhanyayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwiindawo ezithile.

I-NAVIFORCE ibonelela ngemidlalo yexabiso eliphezulu, ngaphandle, kunye neewotshi zefashoni ezineeco-friendly powders ezikhanyayo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho waseYurophu. Jonga ingqokelela yethu kwaye usivumele sikhanyise uhambo lwakho. Ngaba unemibuzo okanye ufuna uncedo?Iqela lethu likulungele ukukuncedayenza ixesha lakho libale.