Emlandweni wokwenziwa kwamawashi, ukufika kwamawashi akhanyayo kuphawula ukuqanjwa okusha okubalulekile. Kusukela ezintweni ezikhazimulayo zakuqala ukuya ezintweni zesimanje ezilungele imvelo, amawashi akhanyayo awagcinanga nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kodwa futhi aba intuthuko ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe ku-horology. Ukuthuthuka kwabo kwembula umlando ocebile emisha kanye noguquko.

Amawashi asendulo akhanyayo asebenzisa izinto ezikhipha imisebe, enikeza ukukhanya okuhlala njalo kodwa aphakamisa ukukhathazeka kokuphepha. Ngokuqhubeka kwezobuchwepheshe, izinguqulo zesimanje manje zisebenzisa izinto ze-fluorescent ezingasebenzisi imisebe, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nobungane bemvelo. Amawashi akhanyayo, athandwa izazi zezinkanyezi nezingcweti ngokufanayo, akhanyisa umzuzu ngamunye—kusukela ekuhloleni olwandle olujulile nokusebenza kwasebusuku kuya ekugqokeni kwansuku zonke, okuhlinzeka ngokusebenza okuyingqayizivele nokukhangayo.

Umsuka kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Komlando Wamawashi Akhanyayo

1. I-Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) - Ikhulu le-18 kuya kwele-19

Imvelaphi yamawashi akhanyayo ingalandelelwa emuva ekhulwini le-18 nele-19. Izinto zakuqala ezikhanyayo ezifana ne-Zinc Sulfide zazithembele emithonjeni yokukhanya yangaphandle ukuze zikhanyise, zingenayo i-intrinsic luminescence. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nobuchwepheshe, lezi zimpushana zingakhipha ukukhanya kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Ngalesi sikhathi, amawashi akhanyayo ayesebenza njengamawashi asephaketheni.

2. I-Radium - Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20

Ukutholakala kwe-radioactive element i-Radium ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaletha izinguquko ezishintshayo emawashini akhanyayo. I-Radium ikhiphe kokubili imisebe ye-alpha ne-gamma, ivumela ukuzikhanyela ngemva kwenqubo yokwenziwa. Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa kumathuluzi ezempi ukuze kubonakale umshoshaphansi, uchungechunge lweRadiomir lukaPanerai lwaluphakathi kwamawashi okuqala asebenzisa iRadium. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezingozi zezempilo ezihlobene ne-radioactivity, i-Radium yaqedwa kancane kancane.

3. I-Gas Tube Luminous Watches - 1990s

Izibani zegesi ezizihambelayo (3H) ziwumthombo wokukhanya oguquguqukayo owenziwe e-Switzerland kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-laser obusha. Banikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhethekile, ukukhanya okungafika izikhathi eziyi-100 kunamawashi asebenzisa ama-fluorescent coatings, anempilo efinyelela eminyakeni engama-25. Ukwamukela kwe-BALL Watch amashubhu egesi angu-3H kuqeda isidingo sokukhanya kwelanga noma ukushajwa kwebhethri, okuwatholela i-moniker "yenkosi yamawashi akhanyayo." Nokho, ukukhanya kwamashubhu egesi angu-3H kuncipha ngokungenakugwenywa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokusetshenziswa.

4. LumiBrite - 1990s

USeiko uthuthukise iLumiBrite njengempahla yayo ekhanyayo ephathelene nokuphathelene, esikhundleni salokho i-Tritium yendabuko ne-Super-LumiNova ngezinketho ezinemibala ehlukahlukene.

5. I-Tritium - 1930s

Ngenxa yokukhathazeka nge-radioactivity ye-Radium kanye nemikhawulo yezobuchwepheshe yangaleso sikhathi, i-Tritium yavela njengenye indlela ephephile ngeminyaka yawo-1930. I-Tritium ikhipha izinhlayiya ze-beta zamandla aphansi ukuze zijabulise izinto ezikhanyayo, okuphawuleka ochungechungeni lwe-Panerai Luminor ngokukhanya kwayo okuhlala njalo nokubalulekile.

6. LumiNova - 1993

I-LumiNova, eyakhiwe yi-Nemoto & Co. Ltd. e-Japan, yethule enye indlela engasebenzisi imisebe isebenzisa i-Strontium Aluminate (SrAl2O4) ne-Europium. Izakhiwo zayo ezingenabo ubuthi futhi ezingasebenzisi imisebe ikwenze kwaba ukukhetha okudumile lapho yethulwa imakethe ngo-1993.

7. I-Super-LumiNova - Cishe ngo-1998

I-Swiss iteration ye-LumiNova, Super-LumiNova ka-LumiNova AG Switzerland (ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe le-RC Tritec AG kanye ne-Nemoto & Co. Ltd.), ithole ukuvelela ngokugqama kwayo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nobude besikhathi sokukhanya. Kwaba ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwemikhiqizo efana ne-Rolex, i-Omega, ne-Longines.

8. I-Chromalight - 2008

U-Rolex uthuthukise i-Chromalight, into ekhanyayo ekhipha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi amawashi ayo e-Deepsea achwepheshile e-diving. I-Chromalight idlula i-Super-LumiNova ngobude besikhathi sokukhanya nokuqina, igcina ukuzinza kukho konke ukutshuza okude isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-8.

Izinhlobo Zokukhanya Kwewashi Elikhanyayo kanye Nezindlela Zokuthuthukisa Ukugqama

Izimpushana zewashi ezikhanyayo zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe emigomeni yazo yokukhanya:I-photoluminescent, i-electroluminescent, ne-radioluminescent.

1. I-Photoluminescent

--Isimiso: Imunca ukukhanya kwangaphandle (isb, ukukhanya kwelanga noma ukukhanya okwenziwayo) futhi ikukhiphe futhi ebumnyameni. Ubude besikhathi sokukhanya buncike ekumunceni kokukhanya nezici zezinto ezibonakalayo.

--Izinto Zokusebenza:Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), LumiNova, Super-LumiNova, Chromalight.

--Ukuthuthukisa Ukukhanya:Ukuqinisekisa ukushaja okwanele ngesikhathi sokuchayeka ekukhanyeni nokusebenzisa izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu njenge-Super-LumiNova.

2. Electroluminescent

--Isimiso:Ikhipha ukukhanya uma ivuselelwa ngogesi. Ukuthuthukisa ukukhanya ngokuvamile kuhilela ukukhulisa idizayini yamanje noma ethuthukisayo, okuthinta impilo yebhethri.

--Izinto Zokusebenza:Into evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekubonisweni kwe-electroluminescent i-zinc sulfide (ZnS) ehlanganiswe nethusi ukuze kukhishwe umoya oluhlaza, i-manganese yokukhipha okubomvu okuwolintshi, noma isiliva lokukhishwa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

--Ukuthuthukisa Ukukhanya:Ukwandisa i-voltage esetshenzisiwe noma ukwenza kahle izinto ze-phosphor kungathuthukisa ukugqama. Nokho, lokhu kuphinde kuthinte ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kungase kudinge indlela elinganiselayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.

3. I-Radioluminescent

--Isimiso:Ikhipha ukukhanya ngokubola kwe-radioactive. Ukukhanya kuhlobene ngokwemvelo nezinga lokubola kwento ekhipha imisebe, okudinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kube nokukhanya okuqhubekayo.

--Izinto Zokusebenza:Igesi ye-Tritium ehlanganiswe nezinto ze-phosphor ezifana ne-zinc sulfide (ZnS) noma ama-phosphors afana nezingxube ze-phosphor ezisekelwe ku-zinc sulfide.

--Ukuthuthukisa Ukukhanya:Ukukhanya kwezinto ezisetshenziswa nge-radioluminescent kuhambisana ngokuqondile nezinga lokubola kwe-radioactive. Ukuqinisekisa ukugqama okuqhubekayo, ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwento ekhipha imisebe kuyadingeka njengoba izinga lokubola kwayo lehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Sengiphetha, amawashi akhanyayo ame njengabaqaphi besikhathi, ahlanganisa ukusebenza okuyingqayizivele nomklamo wobuhle. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisekujuleni kolwandle noma ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo, ziqondisa indlela ngendlela enokwethenjelwa. Ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene zabathengi zemikhiqizo yomuntu siqu nesebenzayo, imakethe yamawashi akhanyayo iyaqhubeka nokuhlukahluka. Amabhrendi asunguliwe asungula izinto ezintsha ngokuqhubekayo, kuyilapho abasafufusa befuna impumelelo kubuchwepheshe obukhanyayo. Abathengi babeka phambili ukuhlanganiswa kobuhle bedizayini ngokusebenza okukhanyayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo ezindaweni ezithile.

I-NAVIFORCE inikezela ngenani eliphezulu amawashi ezemidlalo, angaphandle, nawemfashini ngezimpushana ezikhanyayo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi zase-Europe. Hlola iqoqo lethu futhi usivumele sikhanyise uhambo lwakho. Unemibuzo noma udinga usizo?Ithimba lethu likulungele ukukusizayenza isikhathi sakho sibalwe.